展馆模型的心路历程

　　The emotional journey of the exhibition hall model

　　国庆前夕，泉谊模型有幸在北京展览馆“伟大历程 辉煌成就 而后，泉谊为航空工业承制的军事模型又有幸在2019尧城（太原）国际通用航空飞行大会中展出。

　　On the eve of National Day, Quanyi Model had the honor of showcasing its military models for the aviation industry at the 2019 Yaocheng (Taiyuan) International General Aviation Flight Conference, following its glorious achievements in the great journey at the Beijing Exhibition Center.

　　有人好奇，一款模型，到底需要经过什么样的工序，才能最终呈现在观众面前呢？这次小编就带大家解密泉谊大模型的生产制作过程一般来说，一款模型从订单到出厂需要经过以下八个步骤才能完成哦模型设计

　　Some people are curious about what processes a model needs to go through before it can finally be presented to the audience? This time, the editor will take you to decrypt the production process of Quanyi large models. Generally speaking, a model needs to go through the following eight steps from order to factory to complete the model design

　　1

　　one

　　设计是模型制作的基础，设计部门根据客户提供的、数据、样板等资料开展设计方案，按照材质结构、工件排位等要求使用电脑工程制图软件进行设计。设计可不仅仅只是画图这么简单

　　Design is the foundation of model making, and the design department develops design plans based on customer provided data, templates, and other materials. Computer engineering drawing software is used to design according to material structure, workpiece arrangement, and other requirements. Design is not just about drawing

　　重点

　　a key

　　模型在设计时就要考虑后续工艺、运输、组装、安装甚至展示的问题，根据机身、机翼、平尾和垂尾、起落架等进行分解，包括内部龙骨的排列布局和安装结构件，在电脑上完成拆分后对模型进行组装调整和改进设计，以此保证后期阶段的顺利执行。

　　When designing a model, it is necessary to consider subsequent processes, transportation, assembly, installation, and even display issues. The model should be decomposed based on the fuselage, wings, flat and vertical tails, landing gear, etc., including the arrangement and layout of internal keel and installation structural components. After the disassembly is completed on the computer, the model should be assembled, adjusted, and improved to ensure smooth execution in the later stages.

　　亮相珠海航展的歼31模型

　　The J-31 model showcased at the Zhuhai Airshow

　　以泉谊多次参展的1:2歼31模型为例，当时的设计方案便是将飞机模型分为八个部分，分别制作再组装成型。

　　Taking the 1:2 J-31 model exhibited by Quanyi multiple times as an example, the design plan at that time was to divide the aircraft model into eight parts, which were made and assembled separately.

　　模型拆分效果图

　　Model splitting rendering

　　整体内部单元结构图

　　Overall internal unit structure diagram

　　部分设计方案展示

　　Partial design scheme display

　　部分设计方案展示

　　Partial design scheme display

　　机身内部单元结构图

　　Internal Unit Structure Diagram of the Aircraft Body

　　模型机身内部结构辅助图

　　Auxiliary diagram of the internal structure of the model body

　　设计一般只针对外形进行设计，根据客户需求，有些需要进行内饰解剖  数控加工

　　Design is generally only focused on the appearance, and according to customer needs, some require interior dissection and CNC machining

　　2

　　two

　　设计建模后，模具部根据模型机身主体、机翼、座舱盖等分别进行数控加工，一般选用木质材料并将其作为阳模或其他方式开模具的样板。

　　After designing and modeling, the mold department performs CNC machining on the model body, wings, cockpit cover, etc. Generally, wooden materials are selected and used as templates for male molds or other mold making methods.

　　起源于航空工业需要的数控技术，能够保证质量稳定，精度准确，适应飞行器的要求，用在仿真模型制造行业，则能够保证数据精准，高度还原。

　　Originating from the aviation industry, CNC technology can ensure stable quality, accurate precision, and meet the requirements of aircraft. When used in the simulation model manufacturing industry, it can ensure accurate data and high fidelity.

　　但有些厂家为节省时间和成本，在木模制作完成后直接敷设玻璃钢复合材料，进入外形壳体阶段，这样制作的产品会大大降低模型的外形精准度和光洁度。拼装修正

　　However, some manufacturers, in order to save time and costs, directly lay fiberglass composite materials after the completion of the wooden mold production, entering the stage of the outer shell. Such products will greatly reduce the accuracy and smoothness of the model's appearance. Assembly correction

　　3

　　three

　　数控加工后的各个部件进行打磨和拼装检查，以保证木模外形准确，制作好的木模（通常称为“模种”）喷上底灰，供客户确认外形和功能结构，再综合各方意见对模具进行修正，直到客户满意，才能投入下一环节。

　　After CNC machining, each component is polished and assembled for inspection to ensure the accuracy of the shape of the wooden mold. The finished wooden mold (usually referred to as the "mold type") is sprayed with bottom ash for the customer to confirm the shape and functional structure, and then the mold is modified based on various opinions until the customer is satisfied before proceeding to the next step.

　　阴模制作

　　Negative mold production

　　4

　　four

　　制作过程中，如模型体积较大，需要利用分块方式进行工程分模，分别对机身主体、机翼、垂尾等进行制作，按照受力需要进行钢筋加固等操作。

　　During the production process, if the model has a large volume, it is necessary to use a block method for engineering partitioning. The main body, wings, vertical tail, etc. of the aircraft should be made separately, and steel reinforcement should be carried out according to the force requirements.

　　外壳成形

　　Shell forming

　　5

　　five

　　根据模型的受力分析和载荷等计算，选用高强度、抗腐蚀的玻璃纤维材料进行合理方向铺设，确保最后产品不开裂。

　　Based on the force analysis and load calculation of the model, high-strength and corrosion-resistant glass fiber materials are selected for reasonable directional laying to ensure that the final product does not crack.

　　泉谊模型有边缘敷设专利，粘接配方经过高低温测试，一般按照客户需求和实际情况在内部铺设3-6层玻璃钢纤维，以保证产品的硬度和强度。但一些厂家为降低成本，在此环节采用编制材料，这样制作的模型无法经过高低温检测，更无法保证产品的安全。

　　The Quanyi model has a patent for edge laying, and the bonding formula has undergone high and low temperature testing. Generally, 3-6 layers of fiberglass are laid inside according to customer needs and actual situations to ensure the hardness and strength of the product. However, some manufacturers use woven materials in this process to reduce costs, and the models made in this way cannot undergo high and low temperature testing, let alone ensure product safety.

　　组装打磨

　　Assembly and polishing

　　6

　　six

　　组装

　　assemble

　　模型部件完成后，通过对机身主体进行骨架校准来确定平衡位置，以便安装支撑点，此时用支架托起机身，分别组装机翼、平尾和垂尾、座舱、起落架等部件，与机身对接，并调整接缝。

　　After the completion of the model components, the balance position is determined by calibrating the skeleton of the main body of the fuselage, in order to install support points. At this time, the fuselage is supported by brackets, and the wings, flat and vertical tails, cockpit, landing gear and other components are assembled separately, docked with the fuselage, and the joints are adjusted.

　　在模型生产中，接口缝隙不可避免，但根据标准要求，缝隙要考虑大小适中、均匀、对称等问题，符合既美观又便于安装、拆卸的要求。

　　In model production, interface gaps are inevitable, but according to standard requirements, gaps should consider issues such as moderate size, uniformity, symmetry, etc., in order to meet the requirements of both aesthetics and ease of installation and disassembly.

　　一般而言，高精度模型的缝隙标准要达到1~4m模型≦±1.5mm，1米以下≦±1mm，4m以上模型≦±3mm。

　　Generally speaking, the gap standard for high-precision models should reach ≤± 1.5mm for models ranging from 1 to 4m, ≤± 1mm for models below 1m, and ≤± 3mm for models above 4m.

　　泉谊模型（缝隙均小于2毫米）

　　Quanyi Model (with gaps less than 2 millimeters)

　　一般厂家模型（缝隙不均匀，超过1厘米）

　　General manufacturer model (uneven gaps, exceeding 1 centimeter)

　　打磨

　　polish

　　通过特殊工具对模型进行整体打磨、修正等细节完善，有些零部件较为繁琐，前前后后需要历经多道工序。

　　By using special tools to polish and correct the overall details of the model, some components are more complicated and require multiple processes before and after.

　　涂装上色

　　Painting and coloring

　　7

　　seven

　　喷漆

　　Spray painting

　　通过色卡进行调色配色，确保与色卡无明显色差后（吻合率达98%以上），先整体喷涂一层面漆，而后进行封边，再喷涂其他颜色，为避免影响模型美观，杜绝后续手补油漆。

　　By using color cards for color matching, ensure that there is no significant color difference with the color card (with a matching rate of over 98%), first spray a layer of topcoat as a whole, then seal the edges, and then spray other colors to avoid affecting the appearance of the model and prevent subsequent hand touch up painting.

　　漆料的选择也是一道学问，不仅要符合环保无毒的要求，考虑到一些露天展览的需要，应选择防水防晒油漆，并经过高温烤漆和静电喷涂的工序，来保证模型永久光泽鲜亮。

　　The selection of paint is also a matter of knowledge. It should not only meet the requirements of environmental protection and non toxicity, but also consider the needs of some outdoor exhibitions. Waterproof and sunscreen paint should be selected, and undergo high-temperature baking and electrostatic spraying processes to ensure that the model has a permanent and bright luster.

　　水纸

　　Water paper

　　水纸粘贴要求也很专业，不仅要笔直、无翘边翘角，对称部位水纸要做到对称，图案无误，位置误差应小于1-2毫米。

　　The requirements for water paper pasting are also very professional, not only should it be straight, without any raised edges or corners, but the symmetrical parts of the water paper should be symmetrical, the pattern should be correct, and the position error should be less than 1-2 millimeters.

　　成品检验

　　Finished product inspection

　　8

　　eight

　　根据客户需求和公司内部制定的大模型标准，从材料到表面光洁度，按照展览精品、普通科普等多种标准，对模型功能进行逐一检测，每个功能经过20-50次以上连续测试，若无故障才视为通过。

　　According to customer needs and the large model standards established internally by the company, from materials to surface smoothness, the model functions are tested one by one according to various standards such as exhibition masterpieces and general science popularization. Each function undergoes more than 20-50 consecutive tests, and it is considered to have passed if there are no faults.

　　光洁度检测

　　Surface smoothness testing

　　对模型进行检验测试，以目测为主，辅以强光多角度检查，高精品展览模型的要求是在1000瓦强光照射下无波浪纹，普通科普模型要求是在500瓦强光照射下无波浪纹。

　　Conduct visual inspection and testing on the model, supplemented by strong light multi angle inspection. The requirement for high-quality exhibition models is to have no wave patterns under 1000 watt strong light irradiation, while the requirement for ordinary science popularization models is to have no wave patterns under 500 watt strong light irradiation.

　　△亮相珠海航展的运20模型

　　The Y-20 model showcased at the Zhuhai Airshow

　　保证产品表面无空洞气泡、无收缩变形，检测以硬质器物如铁棒，敲打产品表面棱角处，整体表面用平板尺检测，误差应≦0.5mm，不能出现凹痕、波浪、螺钉帽痕，针眼大小的砂眼等

　　Ensure that the surface of the product is free of voids, bubbles, and shrinkage deformation. Use hard objects such as iron bars to test the edges and corners of the product surface, and use a flat ruler to test the overall surface. The error should be ≤ 0.5mm, and there should be no dents, waves, screw cap marks, needle sized sand holes, etc

　　经过前面工序精心制作出来的模型，在经过产品检测后，需安置在专门的运输箱内，针对每款模型定制木板进行卡位固定，在木板与模型交界处包裹泡沫纸等材料，防止模型在运输途中损坏。最后，经过一番长途跋涉，这种大比例高仿真的军事模型才能在大型展览或展馆中惊艳亮相。

　　The models carefully made in the previous process need to be placed in a special transport box after product testing. Customized boards for each model need to be clamped, and foam paper and other materials are wrapped at the junction of the board and the model to prevent the model from being damaged during transportation. Finally, after a long journey, this large-scale and highly simulated military model can make a stunning appearance in large-scale exhibitions or exhibition halls.

　　本文由 大型军事模型 友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.quanyimoxing.com   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识我们将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

　　This article is a friendly contribution from a large military model For more related knowledge, please click http://www.quanyimoxing.com Sincere attitude To provide you with comprehensive services We will gradually contribute more relevant knowledge to everyone Coming soon.